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Bartimaeus Alliance of the Blind, Inc. BABINC
THE BODY: WHAT IS IT?
An Examination of First Corinthians 11:24, 27, 29.
by Gr
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Revised September 2009.
Acknowledgments
I wish to express my deep appreciation to my brothers in Christ who over the years have helped me to come to a better understanding of the meaning of the elements of the Lord's table. Former pastors: H. LaVern Schafer, Th. D, David J. Eckman, Ph. D, and more recently professors David K. Spurbeck, Th. M, and his brother Dale R. Spurbeck, M. Div, of the Dispensational Theological Seminary, Cherry Grove, OR, who assisted me with much of the research for this article.
Background
On three different occasions during the past year I have been involved in discussions about my understanding of the meaning of the “bread” of the Lord's table. The first time was with a prominent Christian who was to be speaking at a summer Bible conference which traditionally ends with a celebration of the Lord's table. The second time occurred in my adult Sunday school class. The third time, I was relating the pr ior incidents to a fellow believer and he wanted to hear more and suggested this article. In all three cases, I was surprised at the ignorance of such a view, especially in my own church where the pastor alludes to this teaching at every occasion of the Lord's table. As mentioned above, my initial understanding goes back at least 35 years to two prior pastors. At that time I also wrote a couple of hymn poems: The Fellowship*1 and The Body*2. These are included with the endnotes.
PREMISE
It is my expectation via the evidence and arguments presented here to demonstrate that the term “body” in First Corinthians 11:24, 27, 29 is “The Body of Christ”,--”The Church”. The purpose here is not to discount the significance of the physical body of Christ, nor to ignore the blood of the New Covenant, but to restore what I believe to be the original emphasis and meaning intended by the Lord Jesus at the Last Supper and in His direct revelation to the Apostle Paul as recorded i n First Corinthians 11; compared also with chapters 10 and 12.
CLEANING HOUSE!
Throwing Out The Bath water, But Not The Baby
Perhaps some questions you should ask are: “Who and/or what are we talking about?” “When was it broken?” “Where did it happen?” “Why didn't they fix it?” and “How can it be fixed?”
For more than 300 years no New Testament Greek manuscripts of First Corinthians 11:24 contained the word “broken” (Greek, klwmen). About 350 A. D. the word first appeared as a marginal note and was retained by a number of subsequent copyists. It would be another 150 years or more before it was integrated into the text of the Epistle. Quite probably this was done under the influence of the Romanist church because its inclusion helped to support their doctrine of transubstantiation so widely believed in one form or another today. Furthermore, a majority of modern critical texts agree that “broken - klwmen” should be omitted on the basis of a ncient manuscript evidence. (See Bernhard Weiss, Nestles, &c.) (See below for “of the Lord” in verse 29.)
Additionally, the inclusion of the word “broken” (implying the physical body of Christ) in the phrase “this is My Body which is broken for you” must be considered a direct contradiction to the fulfillment of prophecy as reported by the Apostle John in his Gospel (19:36; cf. PS 34:20; EX 12:46; NU 9:12). There it states that “A bone of him shall not be broken”. If the original autograph is to be our basis for belief and practice, should one then be building doctrine on an obvious interpellation by addition to the text?
David Spurbeck also observes:... Every time a communion service is held, bread is broken. In the Upper Room Christ took a single loaf and broke it and distributed the pieces to the individual disciples. Christ was anticipating the fact that the sin gle loaf would be identified as His Body. Though the loaf is broken in pieces now, the Father sees it as one loaf by imputation. Some will accept the Romanist tradition that the body is Christ's physical body as did some of the later copyists of 1 Corinthians. 11:24 a minority who accepted the Roman view added the word “broken” to the original text to give their theology credibility.
The Authorized Version follows their copies with the translation “which is broken for you.” An accurate translation of the Lord's statement (as it is in the gospels] is “Take, eat, this is my Body which is in the place of you; this be doing in remembrance of me (1Co. 11:24).” *3.
Inasmuch as the comparison of Scripture with Scripture combined with historical evidence fails to support the inclusion of “broken” in the original text, we must conclude that the addition o f the word by a copyist is initially one man's subjective opinion at best and should not be given preference in any consideration of a worthwhile evaluation of its principle meaning. Thus any translation of the statement in question in 1Co. 11:24 might be better rendered: “... this is my body, the one which is for you:...” The remaining discussion will reflect this viewpoint.
TAKING WORDS OUT OF CONTEXT!
Something that has always been of interest to me is the matter of how we men are able to take words and phrases out of context in order to prove our misconceptions, prejudice, and especially ignorance. As an illustration of this, I would like to briefly relate a recent experience of mine.
Because I am blind, I use a voice synthesizer and screen reading software when at the computer. As I was working my way through the Gospel of John, chapter 6 and verse 12, in the Greek New Testament, my attention was suddenly arrested by what sounded like the words “Santa Claus”. Did I really hear that? Yes! What's more, it was right in the middle of the passage describing the feeding of the 5000. Now just imagine with me for a moment. What could 5000 hungry people, with their bellies now full, want more than a real Santa Claus? The rest I'll leave to your own imagination. Silly isn't it? However, the syllables of the name are there in two Greek words “perisseu-santa klas-mata”, and they have nothing to do with my crazy imagination, but are to be understood in the full illumination of “context! context! context!”
While in John chapter 6, let's take a look at two additional quotes from W. E. Vine and A. C. Gaebelein regarding the misapplication of this passage to the Lord's body and the celebration of the Lord's Supper.
First W. E. Vine writes:
NOT THE LORD'S SUPPER: A DISTINCTION (Joh.